Unit One Friendship
一、 重点短语
1 .go through经历,经受 2. set down记下,放下 3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk傍晚,黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上
9. join in参加(某个活动); take part in参加(活动)
join加入(组织,团队,并成为其中一员) 10. calm down冷静下来 11. suffer from 遭受
12. be/get tired of...对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心
14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽 15. be good at/do well in 擅长于... 16. find it + adj. to do sth.发现做某事是... 17. no longer/not ...any longer 不再…
18. too much太多(后接不可数n.) much too太…(后接adj.) 19. not...until 直到…才
20. it's no pleasure doing sth 做… 并不开心
21. make sb. sth.使某人成为… make sb. do sth.使某人做某事
get through通过;完成;接通电话
二、 语法一直接引语和间接引语
概念:直接引语:直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。
Unit two English around the world
一、重点短语
1. be different from 与…不同 be the same as 与…一样 2. one another 相互,彼此(=each other)
3. official language 官方语言 4. at the end of在…结束时
5. because of因为(后接名词或名词性短语) 6. native speakers 说母语的人 7. be based on根据,依据 8. at present目前;当今
9. especially 特别,尤其 specially 专门地
10. make use of 利用… make the best of 充分利用…
11. a large number of大量的,彳艮多(作主语,谓语动词用复数)
the number of ...的数量(作主语,谓语动词用单数) 12. in fact = actually= as a matter of fact 事实上 13. believe it or not 信不信由你
14. there is no such thing as...没有这样的事... 15. be expected to…被期待做某事 16. play a part/role in ...在…起作用 17. make lists of...列清单
1&included包括(前面接包括的对象)
Including包括(后接包括的对象)
because因为(后接句子)
19. command sb. to do sth.命令某人去做某事 command + that 从句(从句用 should+V 原) 20. request sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事
request + that 从句(从句用 should+V 原)
Unit 3 Travel journal
一、重点短语
1. travel-…泛指旅行
journey-…指长时间长距离的陆上旅行
voyage--指长距离的水上旅行,也可以指乘飞机旅行 trip--常指短时间短距离的旅行 tour-—指周游,巡回旅游, 2. prefer to更加喜欢,宁愿 prefer A to B比起B,更喜欢A
prefer doing to doing比起做…,宁愿做… prefer to do rather than do 与其做…,不如…
3. flow through 流过,流经 4. ever since 自从
5. persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事 6. be fond of 喜欢
7. insist on doing 坚持做某事 insist + that 从句(用 should+ V 原)
8. care about 关心
9. change one's mind 改变想法 10. altitude 高度 attitude 态度,看法 11. make up one's mind to do 下定决心做某事
=decide to do = make a decision to do 12. give in让步,屈服 give叩 放弃 13. be surprised to ...对…感到惊奇
to one^ surprise令某人惊讶的是… 14. at last = finally = in the end 最终 15. stop to do停下来去做某事 stop doing停止做某事
16. as usual像往常一样 17. so...that 如此… 以至于…
So + adj + a/an + n. + that Such 4- a/an +adj. + n. + that 18. be familiar with对…熟悉(人作主语)be familiar to为…所熟悉(物作主语)
二、语法:现在进行时表将来
现在进行时表将来,表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作,常见的现在进行时表将来的动词有:/ leave/ arrive / travel / take / stay/ do 等.
例:1. Tm coming.我就来
2. what are you doing next Sunday ?你下个星期天做什么?
3.1 hear that you are travelling along Mekong Rivei*.我听说你将沿湄公河旅彳亍 4. Where are you staying at night?你们晚上待在哪里/
Unit four Earthquakes
一、重点短语
1. right away 立亥ij, 马上 (=at once = in no time)
come/ go
2. asleep睡着的;熟睡地(fall asleep入睡)sleep睡;睡眠 sleepy犯困的 3. it seems that/ as if ...看来好像...;似乎 4. in ruins成为废墟
5. the number of...的数量(谓语动词用单数) 6. rescue workers 营救人员 7. be trapped 被困
& how long多长时间 how often多久,指平率
how soon还要多久(用于将来时当中,用in+时间段回答) 9. hundreds of thousands of 成千上万的 10. dig out 挖出
11. shake--泛指“动摇,震动3常指左右、上下动摇,也可以指人“震惊,颤抖”
例:1. She felt the earth shaking under him.
a number of大量(谓语动词用复数) Come to one^ rescue 营救某人
2. She was shaken with anger.
quake--指较强烈的震动,如地震
彳列:The building quaked on its foundation
Tremble-—指人由于寒冷、恐惧、不安等引起的身体的抖动或声音的颤抖
例:Suddenly I saw her lips begin to tremble and tears begin to flow down her cheeks.
Shiver-—多指寒冷引起的颤抖、哆嗦
例: A sudden gust of cold wind made me shive匸
12. rise (rose一risen)-…vi,上升;升起, 无被动语态;give rise to引起
Raise (raised一raised)——vt,举起;筹集;养育 Arise ( arose一arisen)——vt,岀现(常指问题或现象)
13. injure-—常指因意外事故造成的损伤,也可以指感情上名誉上的伤害
例: He was injured in a car accident.
harm--泛指“伤害,损害”,既可以指有生命的,也可以指无生命的
例:1. He was afraid that his fury would harm the child.
2. His business was harmed for some reason.
hurt-—既可以指肉体上的伤害,也可以指精神上的伤害
例:1. She hurt her leg when she fell.
2. He felt hurt at your word.
wound——一般指枪伤、刀伤等在战场上受的伤
例:The bullet wounded him in the arm.
14. be prepared for ...= make preparations for... 为…做准备
15. in one^ honor向…表示敬意;为纪念 Be/ feel honored to do ...做…感到很荣幸 16. make /give/ deliver a speech 发言
opening speech 开幕词
17. give/ provide shelter to …向…提供庇护所 seek shelter from…躲避 1 & happen to + n./ pron.遭遇,发生 happen to do sth.偶然;碰巧 happen…■指偶然发生
take place—事先计划好的事情发生
二、语法…-定语从句
概念:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
成分:先行词,即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词;关系代词:that, which, who(宾格为whom,所有格 为
whose);或者关系副词where, when, why等。关系代词或关系副词处在先行词和定语从句 之间,
起着连接主从句的作用。
1. 关系代词that的用法
关系代词that在定语从句中既能指人,也能指物;既能做主语,也能做宾语 例:1) A plane is a machine that can fly.(指物,作主语)
2 ) The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious.(指物,作宾语) 3) Who is the man that is reading a book over there?(指人,作主语) 4 ) The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jim's sister,(?R人,作宾语)
2. 关系代词which的用法
关系代词which在定语从句中只能指物,但既可以做宾语也能作主语 例:1) They planted some trees which didn't need much water.(作主语)
2) The fish (which) we bought this morning were not fresh.(作宾语)
3. 关系代词who, whom的用法
关系代词who,whom只能指人,在定语从句中分别作主语和宾语 例:1) The foreigner who helped us yesterday is from USA.(作主语)
2) The person to whom you just talked to is Mi*. Li.(作宾语)、
4. 关系代词whose在的用法
关系代词whose为关系代词who的所有格形式,其先行词既可以是人也可以是物,whose和它所 修饰的名词在定语从句中既可以做主语也可以做宾语。
例:1) This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world.(指人,作主语)
2) The room whose window faces south is mine.(指物,作主语) 3) He has written a book whose name Fve forgotten.(指物,作宾语)
5.关系副词when的用法
关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语
例:1) FII never forget the time when (^during which) we worked on the farm.
2) Do you remember the afternoon when (=on which) we first met three years ago?
6・关系副词where在定语从句中的用法
关系副词where在定语从句中做地点状语
例:1) This is the place where( =at/ in which) we first met.
2) The hotel where (= in which ) we stayed wasn't very clean.
7.关系副词why在定语从句中的用法
关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语
例:1). I didn't get a pay rise, but this wasn't the reason why(= for which) I left.
2). The reason why (=for which) he has late was that he missed the train.
Unit 5 Nelson Mandela 一 a modern hero
一、重点词汇
1. selfish自私的 selfless无私的 2. devote oneself to...致力于;献身于 3. fight against对抗,反对 fight for为…而战 4. principle原则 principal校长;主耍的 5. offer guidance to ...给…提供指导 6. out of work 失业
7. join加入(组织,俱乐部,成为其中一员)join in参加(活动)take part in参加(活动) 8. as + adj +as one can 尽可能… =as + adj. +as possible 9. as a matter of fact 事实上(=in fact) 10. blow up爆炸,炸掉 11. set up 建立
;set about 着手,开始做(set about doing sth.)
set off 出发,动身;set out 开始,出发(set out to do sth.) 12. be sentenced to 被判…
13. be equal to与…相等;胜任 14. be proud of为…感到自豪
15. give out分发(giveoff散发出(气味))
16. die for为…而死 die of死于(自身原因,如疾病)die from死于(外在原因,如车祸) 17. realize one's dream of...实现••的梦想 1&only位于句首时,耍主谓倒装
仮ij : Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
Only in this way, can we protect the environment bette匚
1. 强调结构的陈述式
强调结构的陈述式为“It is (was) +被强调部分+ that (who)...”。该结构可用于强调主语、宾语、状语等, 但不能强调谓语动词。该句式中用that或who的区别是:当被强调的指人时,用that或who均可;当被强调的不 是指人时,则只能用
that (注意不用which)□如:It was in the office that he was killed.他是办公室被杀害的。(强调 in the office)
It is the children who broke the window.是孩子们打破窗户的。(强调 the children)
It was to you and not anyone else that 1 lent the money.我只借钱给你,不借给其他人。(强调 to you and not anyone) It is only when you have your own children that you realize the troubles of parenthood. 当你有了自 己的孩子,才能 真
切地了解到双亲的辛苦。(强调only when you have your own children)
2. 一般疑问句的强调结构
一般疑问句的强调结构就是将be提到句首,即使用“Is / Was it+被强调部分+ that / who...”。如:Is it Tommy who
answered the telephone?是汤米接的电话吗? Is it from advertising that a newspaper earns a lot of its profits?报纸获利 最多
的部分是在于广告收入吗?
3. 特殊疑问句的强调结构
特殊疑问句的强调结构句型为\"疑问词(Who / What / When / Where / Why / How) +is / was it that...”这样的形式。 如:When was it that he got married?他是什么时候结婚的? How long ago is it that you last saw her?你上一次看见她是 多久以前的事? Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982?谁赢得了 1982 年的世界杯? Why is it that I always land up cleaning
the bath?为什么总是该我来洗刷浴缸? In which play of Shakespeare's is it that Viola appears?维欧拉是在莎 士比亚那个剧
里出现的吗?
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