Traveljournal教案 Unit3Traveljournal Partone:TeachingDesign
Period1:Asamplelessonplanforreading Aims
Totalkabouttraveling Toreadabouttraveling Procedures I.warmingup
.warmingupbydiscussing
Goodmorning,class.Doyouliketraveling?whydoyouliketraveling?Andwhynot?wherehaveyoueverbeenbefore?Howdidyougetthere?Ifyouaregivenachancetotravelaroundtheworld,whatkindoftransportationswillyouuseandwhy?Nowlookatthefollowingpicturesanddiscussitinpairs. Nameofthetransportations meansoftransportation Reasons bycar bybike
byplane bytrain bybus byship inahotballoon bymotorbike byjeep bytruck inaplate
2.warmingupbylookingandspeaking
Nowboysandgirls,whatdoyouneedtotakewithyouifyouarepreparingforabiketripalongthechangjiangRiver?Lookatthepicturesandtellthewholeclasswhichobjectyouthinkisthemostusefulandwhichoneistheleastuseful.Giveareasonwhyyouthinkso.
3.warmingupbyaskingandanswering
NowsupposeyouliveinQinghai.youplantospendaholidaywithafriendsomewhereinSoutheastAsia.youhavebeengivenachancetochoosethreeplacestovisit.Pleasefindouttheone-wayfaretogettherefordifferentkindsoftransportatio
n.Perhapsyoumaynotknowtheexactfare,butyoucanguesshowmuchthefareis.Pleasehaveashortdiscussionwithyourpartnersandthendecidewheretogo.
ok,nowI
’
dlikeyoutoaskyourpartnerthefollowingquestions. II.Pre-reading .Imagingandsharing
Doyouliketravelingalongariver,agreatriver?
whatroledoesariverplayinpeople
’
slife?Inotherwords,howdopeoplewholivealongariveruseit?
Thesuggestedanswers:
Peoplecandrinkthewaterinariverorwashtheirclothes. Peoplecanswiminariverinsummer.
Peoplecanusearivertoirrigatetheirfields. Peoplecanusearivertoproduceelectricity. Peoplecantravelalongariver. 2.Talkingandsharing
Asweallknow,therearealotofriversintheworldandalsotherearemanygreatrivers.Nowlookatthechart.Intheleftco
lumnarenamesofsomegreatrivers.Intherightcolumnarelocationswheretheriverslie.Pleasematchthem. match answer NamesofRiver Location NamesofRiver Location mekong India mekong china，SEAsia Rhine France Rhine Germany Ganges Russia Ganges India Seine England
Seine France Nile
centralAfrica Nile Egypt Thames Germany Thames England congo Brazil congo
centralAfrica Niger china,SEAsia Niger westAfrica Volga US Volga Russia
Danube Egypt Danube centralEurope Amazon westAfrica Amazon Brazil mississippi centralEurope mississippi US
III.Reading
.Readingaloudtotherecording
DoyouknowwhatcountriesthemekongRiverflowsthrough?NowlookatthemapofthemekongRiverandpointoutthecountriesitflowsthrough.
ok,todaywe
’
regoingtoreadapassageaboutjoURNEyDowNTHEmEkoNG.PleaselistenandreadaloudabouttherecordingofthetextjoURNEyDowNTHEmEkoNG.Payattentiontothepronunciationofeac
hwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Iwillplaythetapetwiceandyoushallreadaloudtwice,too. 2.Readingandunderlining
Nowpleasereadandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsinthepassage.copythemtoyournotebookafterclassashomework.
collocationsfromjoURNEyDowNTHEmEkoNG
dreamabout,takeagreatbiketrip,graduatefrom,gotthechancetodosth.,cyclealongtheriver,goforlongbikerides,mountainbike,persuadesb.todosth.,growup,getsb.interestedinsth.,bestubborn,knowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,thesourceoftheriver,careabout,givesb.adeterminedlook,changeone
’
smind,atanaltitudeof,seemtodo,theairbehardtobreathe,aninterestingexperience,makeuponesmind,givein,alargeatlaswithgoodmaps,keepdoingsth.,atfirst,passthrough,besurprisedtodosth.,halfof,atlast,theSouthchinaSea
3.Readingaloudandunderstanding
Nextwearegoingtoreadaloudthetextandthenanswersomequestions. )
whoarewangkunandwangwei? 2)
whatwastheirdream? 3)
whoareDaoweiandyuHang? 4)
whereisthesourceofthemekongRiverandwhichseadoesitenter? 5)
whatcanyouseewhenyoutravelalongthemekong? 6)
Isitadifficultjourneytocyclealongthemekong?why? 4.Discussing
wehavegotthegeneralmeaningofthepassage,andweknowwangweiandwangkunhavesomesimilaranddifferentattitudesaboutthetrip.youmayhaveashortdiscussionwithyourpartnersandthenfillinthechart.
Similarattitudesaboutthetrip Differentattitudesaboutthetrip Bothwangweiandwangkunthinks:
).takingthistripisadreamthatcomestrue. 2).thattheywillenjoythistripalot. 3).theyshouldseealotofthemekong.
4).thatmostofthemekongwillbefoundinSoutheastAsia. wangweibelieves:
).theymuststartinQinghaiwheretheriverbegins/seeallofthemekong.
2).thattheydon’tneedtopreparemuch. wangkunbelieves:
).itistoocoldandhightostartinQinghai. 2).thatusinganatlasisveryimportant. IV.closingdown
closingdownbyansweringquestions
whatshouldyoudobeforetraveling?
whatwillyourfamilyandyourfiendssaywhenyouleavehometotravel?
closingdownbytranslating
Inthelastfewminutesyouareaskedtotranslatesomedifficultysentencesinthepassage. Assignment
Revisethecontentsofthepassage completethepassageonPage56inworkbook Doexercise2onpage57inyouexercisebooks.
Period2:AsamplelessonplanforLearningaboutLanguage Aims
TolearnaboutthePresentcontinuousTense
Todiscoverandusesomeusefulwordsandexpressions Procedures I.warmingup
warmingupbydiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressions
Helloeveryone.Afterreadingthepassage,wehavegottoknowtheusageofthewordsandexpressions,butweshoulddomore
practice.Nowturntopage20tofindthecorrectwordsandexpressionsfromthepassagetofinishthesentences.youaregiventwominutestofinishthemanddiscusswithyourpartners.Twominuteslater,checkinpairsandthencheckwiththewholeclass.
II.Learningaboutlanguage .Readingandfinding
Good,youhavemasteredthesewordsandexpressions.Let’sturntopage17andlookatthequestionsinwarmingup4.Underlinetheverbsinthequestions,andpayattentiontotheverbformsanddosomeexplanationsbyyourselves. 2.LearningGrammar
wecanseethattheverbsareallusedinthe“-ing”form.Theyare
“thepresentcontinuoustense”,buttheyexpressfutureactionsorplans.ThePresentcontinuousTensemaybeusedtodenoteanactionthatcanbepre-plannedorprearrangedinsteadofthefutureindefiniteincolloquialEnglish.Butpleasenotethat,notallverbscanbeusedinthe
“
-ing
”
formtoexpressfutureactions.Suchverbsascome,go,leave,fly,walk,ride,drive,stay,meet,die,see,have,arrivee
tc.aremainlyusedintheformtoexpressfutureactions.
“-ing”
3.DoingexercisesNo.2and3onpage21
Nowturntopage21anddoexercise2.InthedialogueanewspaperreporterisinterviewingwangweiaboutherplansforthetripalongthemekongRiver.However,theyarenotsureaboutsomeoftheverbtenses.canyouhelpthemcompletetheirconversation?
Let
’
scontinuetodoexercise3.Doyouhaveanyplansforthefutureyourselves?Ifyouhaveany,pleaseusethePresentcontinuousTensetoexpressyourfutureactions.Giveasmuchinformationasyoucan.
III.Readyusedmaterialsforthepresentcontinuoustenseforfutureactionsorplans
be+v.-ing与表示将来的时间连用，表示不久的将来，含义是“预定要做”。（这种结构中常用动作动词或去向动词：go,come,leave,start,arrive,travel,fly等，不适用于状态动词）
I’mleavingforBeijingthisFriday.
myfriendscameoverlastnight,andtheyarecomingoverthisevening,too.
wearegoingtoLaoshanthismayDayholiday.
wehadanEnglishclassthismorning,andwearehavinganotherEnglishclasstomorrow.
wetooksixsubjectslastterm,andwearetakingsevensubjectsnextterm.
IhavearrivedinBeijing.I
’
mvisitingtheGreatwalltomorrowmorning.
Afterclassweareplayingfootballontheplayground. weareflyingtoShanghainextFriday. IV.closingdown
closingdownbymakingadialogue
ToendtheperiodyouaregoingtomakeadialogueinpairstotellthewholeclassyourplanonthisSunday. closingdownbywriting
Supposeyouareplanningaholidaytrip.writeashortpassag
eaboutyourplan.youmustpaygreatattentiontothetense.Thefollowingquestionscanhelpyou. whereareyougoingforyourholiday? whoareyougoingwith? Howareyougettingthere? whatareyoudoingthere? whereareyoustaying? whataretakingwithyou? whenareyoureturning?
Period3:AsamplelessonplanforUsingLanguage Aims
ToreadthepassageANIGHTINTHEmoUNTAINS
Tousethelanguagebyreading,listening,speakingandwriting
Procedures
I.warmingupbytalkingaboutTibet
HaveyoueverbeentoTibet?DoyouwanttotravelinTibet?canyoutellmesomethingaboutTibet?
TibetliesontheQinghai-TibetPlateauofthesouthwestbor
derofchina.Theaverageheightofthewholeregionismorethan4,000metersabovesealevel,forwhichTibetisknownas“Roofoftheworld”.ThehighestpeakofTibet,alsothehighestinHimalayasandinthewholeworld,isEverestPeak,whichisashighas8,846.27metersabovesealevel.
Althoughapartofchina,Tibethasauniquecultureofallitsown.ItismainlyinhabitedbyTibetans,aminoritynationalityofoldandmysteriouspeople.TouristattractionsincludethePotalaPalaceinLhasa,jokhangTemple,andanumberofBuddhistsacredplaces.
TibetistothesouthofXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegionandQingHaiProvince,tothewestofSichuan,tothenorthwestofyunnanandtothenorthofIndiaandNepal.Itspopulationof2.3millionpeoplecomefromavarietyofethnicgroupsincludingTibetan,Han,monbaandLhota.ItscapitalcityisLhasa.
NorthwestTibet,mainlyQingHaiplateau,ishometoavarietyofunusualanduniqueanimals.AcrossthenorthernexpanseofTibet,youcanseevastgrasslandswherehorses,yakandsheeproamfreely.Theworld'slowestvalley,theGrandyarlun
-tzanpoRiverValleyliesineastTibet.
Itisfreezingcoldinmosttimeoftheyear.mosttouristscometovisitTibetonlyinthewarmestseasons,june,july,AugustandearlySeptember. II.Reading
.Readingandunderlining
Nowlet
’
sgoonwithjourneyDownThemekongwithwangweiandwangkun.TheyareinTibetnow.PleaseturntoPage22.Readthepassagequicklyandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsandcollocationsinit.copythemtoyournotebookafterclassashomework.
collocationsfromjoURNEyDowNTHEmEkoNG
although,ridebicycles,infrontof,asusual,needtodosth.,toclimbthemountainroadwashard,begreatfun,reachavalley,muchwarmer,change…into, T-shirts,
shorts,intheearlyevening,stoptodosth.,makecamp,putup,aftersupper,gotosleep,stayawake,atmidnight,become
clear,so…
that,thesoundofthefire,travelsofar,joinsb.,hardlywaittosee,changeone’sattitude. 2.Readingandtranslating
NextyouaregoingtoreadthetextjoURNEyDowNTHEmEkoNGandtranslateitintochinese. 3.Speaking
Readthepassageagainandfindtheanswerstothequestions: )
Howdoeswangkunfeelaboutthetrip? 2)
whatdoyouthinkhaschangedhisattitude? 3)
Isitnaturalforwangkunnottofeellonely? 4)
wouldyoufeelthesamewayinthissituation?whyorwhynot?
Imaginethatthedialoguehappensthenextmorningbeforewangkunandwangweileavetheircamp.writeashortdialoguebe
tweenthemwithyourpartner. wei:youlooksotired
kun:yes,Istayeduplatelastnight. wei:Really?whatdidyoudo?
kun:Iwatchedtheclearskyandthebrightstars. wei:That’snice.Theymustbepretty. kun:yes,theywere. III.Listening
Let
’
sgoonwithjourneyDownThemekongRiverwithwangwei.Turntopage23anddothelisteningtext.Beforelisteningtothetape,pleasereadthewordsfast,thentickthewordsyouhearonthetape.AfterthatI
’
llplaythetapeforthesecondtimeandthenfinishthechart.youshouldlookthroughthechartandfindoutthelisteningpoints.Thefollowingquestionscanhelpyouunderstandthelisteningtext.
whereisthegirlfrom?
whatdopeopleinLaosusetheriverfor?
whydopeopleinLaoscalltheriver“theseaofLaos”? whatistherivercalledinTibetandVietnam?
whatotherbeautifulsightsalongthemekongRiverinLaos? IV.Guidedwriting .Readingandunderlining
Inthisunit,wehavereadthefirsttwopartsofatraveljournalandhavelistenedtothethirdpartofthetraveljournal.whatisthedifferencebetweenajournalandadiary?Let
’
readthepassageonpage23andfindoutthedifferencebetweenthetwo.Underlinealltheusefulexpressionsandcollocationsinit.copytheminyournotebookafterclassashomework. collocationsfromReadingandwriting
putone
’
sthoughtsintoadiary,traveljourney,thedifferencebetween,foronthing
…
foranother,recordone
’
sexperiences,soonafter,befamiliarto,makealistof,compare…with,agreeto.
Readthepassagequicklyandthenfillintheinformationonthechart. Adiary
Atraveljournal ).Personal;
2).Totrytorecordhowthewritersfeelverysoonafterthingshappen
).Isn’taspersonalasadiary
2).Torecordthewritersexperiences,ideasandafterthoughtaboutwhattheyhaveseen
3).Iswrittenforalotofreaders
4).It
’
stopicsincludespeople,things,andeventslessfamiliartoreaders.
2writingaletter
Nowlet
’
sdoawritingpractice.Imaginethatyouareafriendofwangwei.writeashortlettertoherandaskhertodescribe:howshefeels,whatsheisdoing,andsomeplaceyouwanttoknowabout.Thenwishherwellonherjourneybyusingatleasttwooftheseexpressions:
Haveanice/goodtime. Haveanice/goodtrip. Takecare.
Goodluckonyourjourney.
Say“Hello”to…. writetome.
Givemybest/lovewishesto…. Havefun.
youcanrefertothefollowingsteps.
Inpairschoosethedetailsfromthejourneythataremostinteresting.Thinkofwhatelseyouwouldliketoknowaboutthejourney.writetheseideasdownasquestions.
Nowchoosetwoorthreeofthebestquestionsforyourletter.Eachquestionshouldhaveanothersentenceexplainingwhyyouwanttoknowthisinformation.
Puttheminanorderthatmakessense.
Beginyourletterasshowninthetextbookandaddyourquestionsforwang
wei.yourwritingshouldnotbemorethanoneparagraph.
Finishyourletterasshowninthetextbook. Asamplewriting: Hi,bravelittlewei,
HowIworryaboutyouandwangkun!Doyouhaveagoodtimenow?Ihopeso.whatareyoudoingnow?AreyoustillinLaos?canyoutellmesomethingaboutpeople
’
slifethere?whenareyouleavingforcambodia?whenyougetthere,tellmeabouttheBuddhisttemplesthere.Pleasesendsomephotoswithyournextletter!well,Haveagoodtripanddon
’
tforgettowritetome!Givemybestwishestowangkun.Goodluckonyourjourney. Takecare! yours, wangLin
V.Furtherapplying
.Findinginformation
Gotothelibrarytoreadorgetonlinetosearchinordertofindsomeplacesofinterestinchinaandintheworld.Takenotesofyourfindingsandtelltheclasswhichplaceyouwanttovisitmostnextperiod. 2.writingaletter
SupposeyouwanttotraveltoyunnanProvince,writealettertooneofyourfriendsinyunnanandaskhim/herwhatpreparationsyoushouldmakeandwhichplacesareworthvisiting. VI.closingDown Summingup
wehavelearnedthewholeunit.Let
’
slookatthechartonPage24.Trytofillinit. PartTwo:TeachingResources
Section1:AtextstructureanalysisofjoURNEyDowNTHEmEkoNG
I.Typeofwritingandsummaryoftheidea Typeofwriting Thisisatraveljournal
mainideaofthepassage
wangkunandwangwei
’
sdreamoftakingagreatbiketrip,theirdifferentattitudes,wangwei
’
sdetermination,wangweiandwangkun
’
spreparationsforthetrip. Topicsentenceof1stparagraph
ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongthemekongRiver.
Topicsentenceof2ndparagraph
Althoughshedidn
’
tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsistedthatwefindthesourceoftheriverandbeginourjourneythere. Topicsentenceof3rdparagraph
wefoundalargeatlaswithgoodmapsthatshowedthedetailsoftheworldgeography.
II.AdiagramofjoURNEyDowNTHEmEkoN whytotravel Theirpreparations
bothofthemboughtexpensivebikes. gottheircousinsinterestedintraveling
wenttothelibraryandfoundalargeatlaswithgoodmapsthatshowdetailsofthemekongRiver. ThemekongRiver .
ItbeginsataglacieronaTibetanmountainwhichisatanaltitudeofmorethan5000meters. 2.
Itissmallandthewateriscleanandcoldatfirst.Thenitmovesquicklyandpassesthroughdeepvalley. 3.
HalfofitisinchinaanditiscalledLancangRiverinchina. 4.
AsitentersSoutheastAsia,ittravelsslowlythroughhillsandlowvalleys,andtheplainswherericegrow. III.Retellingthetextinabout200words. .
Retellthestoryinthethirdperson.
2.
Refertotheinformationinthechartabove. onepossibleversion
wangkunandhissisterwangweidreamedabouttakingagreatbiketripeversincetheirmiddleschooldays.Aftergraduatedfromcollege,theygotachancetodoit.ItwaswangweiwhofirsthadtheideastocyclealongthemekongRiverfromitssource.Theybothboughtexpensivemountainbikes.TheyalsogottheircousinsDaoweiandyuHangtogowhowereinterestedincycling,too.
wangweiwasastubborngirl.Althoughshedidn
’
tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsistedthattheyshouldfindthesourceoftheriverandbegantheirjourneythere.whensheheardthesourceofthemekongRiverwasinQinghai,shewouldn
’
tchangehermind.Shewasevenexcitedwhensheknewthattheirjourneywouldbeginatanaltitudeofmorethan5000meters.Shealsothoughtthatitwouldbeaninterestingexperience.
Beforethetrip,theywenttothelibrary,wheretheyfoundalargeatlaswithgoodmaps.Fromtheatlas,theylearntmorein
formationaboutthemekongRiver.
Section2:BackgroundinformationonTRAVELjoURNEy I.Howtoplanyourtravelwisely
Travelingcanbeafunwaytogainlifeexperiences,especiallyduringSpringBreak
aweek-longschoolvacationintheUnitedStates.
Butwhatifyou
’
reastudentanddon
’’—
thaveenoughmoneyforatrip?Dontworry.Herearesomeusefultips.
Save:Thisprobablyisthemostimportantpreparationfortraveling.cutexpensestofattenyourwalletsoyoullhavemorechoicesaboutwheretogoandhowtogetthere.
Planahead:Don
’’
twaituntilthelastminutetoplanyourtrip.Ticketsmaycostmorewhenboughtatshortnotice.Givingyourselfseveralmonthstogetreadycanmeansecurityandsavings.
Dohomework:Nomatterwhereyougo,researchtheplacesyouwillvisit.Decidewhattosee.Travelbookswillprovideinformationonthecheapesthotelsandrestaurants.
Plansensibly:writedownhowmuchyouexpecttospendforfoodandhotels.Sticktoyourplanoryoumaynothaveenoughmoneytocovereverything.
Travelingroups:Findsomeonewhoisinterestedinvisitingthesameplaces.Bytravelingwithothers,youcansharecostsandexperiences.
workasyougo:Needmoremoneytosupportyourtrip?Lookforworkintheplacesyouvisit.
Gooffthebeatenpath:Touristcitiesmaybeexpensive.youmaywanttorethinkaboutyourtripandgotoaless-knownarea.Smallertownscanhavemanyinterestingactivitiesandsights.
Packnecessarythings:Themostimportantthingstotakearenotalwaysclothes.Remembertotakealongmedicineincaseyougetsickandsnacksincaseyoucannotfindacheaprestaurant.
UsetheInternet:TheNetcanhelpyoutosavemoney.Therearesomeusefulwebsitessuchaswww.travelcity.comandwww.economytravel.com.
Byplanningsensibly,evenstudentscanenjoytheirtravel.yourtravelexperienceswillberememberedforalifetime. II.世界著名游览胜地英文名 .Asia亚洲
mountFuji,japan日本富士山 Tajmahal,India印度泰姬陵 Angkorwat,cambodia柬埔寨吴哥窟 Bali,Indonesia印度尼西亚巴厘岛 Borobudur,Indonesia印度尼西亚波罗浮屠 Sentosa,Singapore新加坡圣淘沙 Babylon,Iraq伊拉克巴比伦遗迹 2.Africa非洲
Suezcanal,Egypt埃及苏伊士运河 AswanHighDam,Egypt埃及阿斯旺水坝 Pyramids,Egypt埃及金字塔 TheNile,Egypt埃及尼罗河
NairobiNationalPark,kenya肯尼亚内罗毕国家公园 capeofGoodHope,SouthAfrica南非好望角
SaharaDesert撒哈拉大沙漠 3.oceania大洋洲
GreatBarrierReef,Australia澳大利亚大堡礁 SydneyoperaHouse,Australia澳大利亚悉尼歌剧院 AyersRock,Australia澳大利亚艾尔斯巨石 mountcook,NewZealand新西兰库克山 4.Europe欧洲
mosqueofSt,SophiainIstanbul,Turkey土耳其圣索非亚教堂
NotreDamedeParis,France法国巴黎圣母院 EffielTower,France法国艾菲尔铁塔 ArchofTriumph,France法国凯旋门 ElyseePalace,France法国爱丽舍宫 Louvre,France法国卢浮宫
kolnerDom,koln,Germany德国科隆大教堂 LeaningTowerofPisa,Italy意大利比萨斜塔 colosseuminRome,Italy意大利古罗马圆形剧场 Parthenon,Greece希腊巴台农神庙
RedSquareinmoscow,Russia俄罗斯莫斯科红场 BigBeninLondon,England英国伦敦大本钟 BuckinghamPalace,England英国白金汉宫 HydePark,England英国海德公园
LondonTowerBridge,England英国伦敦塔桥 westminsterAbbey,England英国威斯敏斯特大教堂 Themediterranean地中海 5.America美洲
NiagaraFalls,USA美国尼亚加拉大瀑布 Honolulu,Hawaii,USA美国夏威夷檀香山 Panamacanal巴拿马运河
yellowstoneNationalPark,USA美国黄石国家公园 metropolitanmuseumofArt,Newyorkcity,USA美国纽约大都会艺术博物馆
StatueofLiberty,Newyorkcity,USA美国纽约自由女神像
TimesSquare,Newyorkcity,USA美国纽约时代广场 ThewhiteHouse,washingtonDc.,USA美国华盛顿白宫 worldTradecenter,Newyorkcity,USA美国纽约世界贸易中心
centralPark,Newyorkcity,USA美国纽约中央公园 Hollywood,california,USA美国加利佛尼亚好莱坞 Disneyland,california,USA加利佛尼亚迪斯尼乐园 LasVegas,Nevada,USA美国内华达拉斯威加斯 Section3:wordsandexpressions I.wordsforreading
faren.1.moneychargedforajourney费用:
taxi/bus/airfare
单
程
票
价,asingle/one-wayfare,HowmuchistheairfaretoNewyork?到纽约的票价是多少钱？2.passengerinahiredvehicle（出租车辆的）乘客:Thetaxidriverhadonlysixfaresallday.那计程车司机一天只载了六位乘客。 cf.finally,intheend,atlast finally:lastly；inconclusion
最后，终于。强调活动过程的终结“最后”，“末了”。一是在列举事物或论点时引出最后一项内容，二是用在句中动词前面表示“等了很久……”
intheend表示经过许多变化、困难和捉摸不定的情况之后，某事才发生。
atlast也可用来表示“等候或耽误了很久之后才……”，而
且
语
气
很
强
烈
：
Thecarwouldn
’
tstart,sofinallywedecidedtogoonfoot.Fourpolicemenrodepastontheirmotorbikes,thencamethetelevisionbroadcastingcar,andfinallythemarathonrunners.wewaitedandwaited,andthetrainfinallyarrived.Hefinishedhislongboringspeechatlast.whocantellwhatwillhappentotheearthintheend?
persuadevt.1.convince（sb.）说服，劝说
2.causebyreasoning借说理使;劝
persuadesb.todosth.=persuadesb.intodoingsth.说服某人
做
某
事
persuadesb.nottodosth.=persuadesb.outofsth./doingsth.说服某人别做persuadesb.ofsth=persuadesb.+that从句使某人相信
cf.persuade,advise
persuade
强调说服，劝说的结果；
advise=trytopersuade表示劝说的动作，不强调结果:Ipersuadedmyfathertobuy/intobuyinganewTVset.我说动我爸爸买了一台新电视。we’vepersuadedthemanageroutoftheimpracticalplan.我们已经劝经理停止他不切合实际的计划。Theoldmanpersuadedusnottowalk/outofwalkingthroughthethickforestalone.这位老人劝我们别独自穿越茂密的丛林
。
Ihadtriedtopersuade/advisedhimnottostayuplate,buthestilldidn’tgotobeduntilmidnight.我劝他不要熬到太晚，但
是
他
仍
旧
到
午
夜
才
去
睡
觉
。
Hetriedtopersuademeofhishonesty.=Hetriedtopersuademethathewashonest.他设法使我相信他是诚实的。
insistv.1.urgewithemphasis,againstoppositionordisbelief;declareemphatically
坚
持
,
强
调:insiston/uponsth./doingsth.坚决做，坚持做,insiston/uponone’sdoing
坚持要某人
做:Heinsistedonhiscorrectness.他坚持自己是对的。Sheinsistedon/upontalkingtothemanager.她坚决要和经理谈谈。Iinsistonyourbeingthere.我坚持要你在那里。2.insistthat坚持，坚决主张（所跟的宾语从句使用虚拟语气：主语+shoulddo,其中should可以省略）。insistthat坚持一种说法，看法或事实（所跟的宾语从句用陈述语气及相应的时态）:Iinsistedthatheshouldcomewithus我坚持要他与
我
们
同
去
。
Theladyinsistedthatshehaddonenothingwrongandthatsheshouldbetreatedproperly.这位女士坚持说她没有做错事并认为应该得到恰当的待遇。
determinev.determinedadj.determinationn. 定
determinevt/vi1.bethefactthatdecides;,determine+n.
决
定
，
决确
定:Thesizeofyourfeetdeterminesthesizeofyourshoes.Let’sdetermineadatefortheclassmeeting.咱们来定一下开班会的日期吧。2.decide;makeupone’smind,settle;决定（某人的未来）；下决心（做某事）；解
决;determineon/uponsth=makeupone’smindtodosth.下决心;determinetodosth.;determine+从句;determine+疑问词
+todo;bedeterminedtodosth.
决
心
做:Hedeterminedongoingtocollage.=Hewasdeterminedtogotocollage.他决心上大学。wedeterminedonanearlystart.我们决定早开始。HefirmlydeterminedtolearnGreek.他下决
心
读
希
腊
文
。
Haveyoudeterminedwhereyouaregoingtospendyourholidays?=Haveyoudeterminedwheretospendyourholidays?你已决定将到何处度假吗？3.causetodecide:使决定；determinesb.todosth.使某人决定/下决心做：whatdeterminedyoutoaccepttheoffer?什么原因使你接受此项提议？Thenewsdeterminedhimagainstfurtherdelay.此消息使他决定不再拖延。
cf.careabout,carefor/caretodo,carefor
careabout=beworried,concernedorinterested忧虑；关心；惦念：Don’tyoucareaboutanybody?你难道谁也不关心吗？Idon’tcarewhathappenstohim.我才不管他的事呢。 carefor/caretodo=bewillingoragree;wishorlike愿意或同意（做谋事）；希望或喜欢（做谋事），用于否定句或疑问句，尤与would连用wouldyoucareforadrink?你想要杯喝的吗？wouldyoucaretogoforawalk?你想出去走走吗？
carefor=a)likeorlovesb喜欢或爱某人；
b)lookaftersb/takecareofsb/beresponsibleforsb照看某人；照顾某人；对某人负责:Hecaresherdeeply他深深地爱着她。whowillcareforyourchildrenifyouareout?如果你外出了，谁来照顾你的孩子？ cf.through,across穿过
across:fromsidetosideof:含义与on有关,表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的,“横跨,横穿”表面。 through:fromendtoendorsidetosideof;
enteringatoneside,ononesurface,etc.,andcomingoutattheother:含义与in有关,表示动作是在某一物体的空间里进行。
Iwalkedacrossthesquaretothemuseum.我们走过广场，来到博物馆。
wewalkedthroughtheforest.我们穿过森林。 Sheswamacrosstheriver.她游过了河。
Theriverflowsthroughthecityfromwesttoeast.这条河从西到东流过这座城市。 II.wordsforusinglanguage cf.sofar,as/sofaras
sofar（表距离）这/那么远；（表时间）迄今为止（常
与完成式连用）：wetraveledsofarlastyear;theydidn’tgoso/asfaraswedid.我们去年走了那么远，他们没有走那么远。Ithasrainedeverydaysofarthismonth.到目前为止，这个月几乎每天都下雨。
asfaras和……一样远（否定句中也用sofaras）；as/sofarasIknow/see
据
我
所
知
/
看
来
：
AsfarasIknow,theylivedinthesameneighborhood据我所知，他们住在同一个小区。
recordv.setdowninwritingforreference;preserveforuse,bywritingorinotherways:记录，记载，录音：Thisvolumerecordsthehistoryofthecity.这部书记录了该城市的历史。Thewirelessprogramwasrecorded.无线电广播是由录音制成的。n.makearecord录制唱片；setarecord创记录；breakarecord打破记录；keeparecord保持记录；keeparecordof把……记录下来 cf.befamiliarto,befamiliarwith
befamiliartosb.为某人所熟悉：I’
mfamiliarwiththestreetsofthecity.我对这座城市的街道很熟悉。
befamiliarwithsth.
对
某
事
熟
悉
：
Thecityisfamiliartome.这座城市对我来说很熟悉。
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