一、 专有名词
1. 人名：Present Clinton, Einstein, Hemingway, Diana, Mrs Green 2. 地名： Beijing, London, West Lake, the Yellow River, Broadway 3. 节日名：Christmas, Easter, Halloween, New Year’s Day, Valentine's Day 4. 月份名：January, February, May, July, December
5. 周日名: Monday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday, Sunday 6. 学科名：Archaeology, Astronomy, Biology, Economics, Physics 7. 对家人等的称呼：Grandpa, Dad, Mum, Uncle, Auntie 例如：Einstein is a famous scientist. Beijing is the capital of China.
Valentine’s Day is a festival very popular among young people. She was born in January. I don’t go to school on Sunday.
My brother got a degree in biology last year. 二、 普通名词
1. 个体名词：country, province, city, county, town, village
2. 集体名词：government, committee, army, community, staff, family 3. 物质名词：fluid, beer, milk, juice, wine, oil
4. 抽象名词：wealth, beauty, health, experience, happiness, youth 例如：There are more than thirty provinces in our country. The government is planning new tax increases.
The school’s teaching staff is excellent. The doctor told him to drink plenty of fluid. His wealth increased year by year. In my youth I used to play football.
其中个体名词和集体名词可以用数来计算，称为可数名词，而物质名词和抽象名词一般都不能用数来计算，称为不可数名词。
Exercise：
I． Match the descriptions in Column A with the words in Column B.
A B
1. a business that arranges services for people a. opinion 2. a fight between enemies or opposing groups b. incident 3. a feeling of sadness and hopelessness c. depression 4. the world in which we live d. limit 5. a period of 60 minutes e. foot 6. a single event which is usually not very important f. battle 7. the outside of something g. market 8. a building or open place where people meet to buy and h. hour sell goods
9. what a person thinks about something i. agency 10. the lowest part of the leg, on which a person stands j. earth
II. Find out one word or two words that don’t belong to the same kind in each line.
1. lion tiger window swallow wolf 2. beef pork chicken meat apple 3. policy coal fuel oil monkey 4. blue shape gray yellow sense
5. school college university institute religion 6. gold accident silver iron steel
7. wind ambassador breeze hurricane block 8. rain food snow blanket fog 9. air force freedom army navy group 10. knife order fork spoon party 11. road street picture path sidewalk 12. doctor engineer teacher inflation professor 13. agriculture information industry commerce island 14. sentence paragraph word chapter police 15. mayor language minister magazine president 16. media noon border night morning 17. sea bottom lake radiation ocean 18. sister brother parent reason grandmother 19. car truck research motorcycle value
20.
meter inch period yard mile
Ⅲ. Fill in the following words.
1. spring, summer, autumn, winter… 2. wheat, rice, cotton, rice… 3. water, electricity, forest, gas… 4. east, south, west, north… 5. bird, fish, cat, dog… 6. white, black, red, green…
s r r c i u 7. mathematics, politics, history, medicine.. 8. two, eleven, hundred, thousand… 9. love, fear, anger, hatred… 10. orange, peach, banana, pear…
t r o r
Topic2 Verbs:
一、 实意动词
say, speak, talk, chat, communicate, negotiate discuss, debate, dispute, argue, quarrel whisper, murmur, shout, scream, roar look, see, watch, observe, gaze, stare, glare stroll, walk, jog, run, rush, dash think, consider, deliberate, ponder, brood want, desire, hope, anticipate, expect, wish, long like, fancy, love, cherish, fascinate, addict
例如：We managed to communicate with each other by using sign language. Ministers are debating the future of the health service today. There’s no need to shout, I can hear you. They observed the stars.
The passengers rushed to get seats on the train. I’m considering changing my job.
The shop expects to make a small profit this year. He cherished the memory of his dead wife. 二、 系动词
be, appear, get, become, remain, stay feel, look, seem, smell, sound, taste 例如：He appeared quite well.
The enemy remained inactive for a whole day. He stayed single for many years. I don’t feel very well.
It seems probable that I’ll be sent abroad next year. The meat tastes good. 三、 助动词和情态动词
be, have, do, shall, will, should, would can, could, may, might, must 例如：She was given a warm welcome. She had been out shopping.
I will let you know in a day or two. We shall read about it tomorrow.
The weather report said that we should have rain. I knew you would agree. Exercise:
Ⅰ.Write down a synonym for each of the words on the left. Choose from the ones on the right. Number 1 has been done for you.
1. announce c 2. include 3. borrow 4. arrive 5. examine 6. believe 7. control 8. discover 9. divide 10. flee 11. forgive 12. identify 13. guard 14. inform 15. require 16. congratulate 17. attempt
a. find b. trust c. declare d. try e. lend f. denounce g. celebrate h. reach i. command j. inspect k. escape l. recognize m. study n. interfere o. listen p. suggest q. excuse 18. condemn 19. buy 20. establish 21. learn 22. intervene 23. hear 24. offer 25. propose
r. provide s. request t. separate u. purchase v. found w. notify x. contain y. protect Ⅱ.Write down the opposite of each of the words on the left. Choose from the ones on the right.
1. admit 2. raise 3. spend 4. accept 5. catch 6. find 7. ask 8. export 9. appear 10. buy 11. forget 12. approve a. import b. oppose c. sell d. hate e. remember f. stop g. deny h. demolish i. emerge j. push k. lower l. drop 13. close 14. love 15. succeed 16. capture 17. construct 18. destroy 19. attend 20. praise 21. hide 22. continue 23. cry 24.decrease 25. pull
m. fail n. disappear o. answer p. increase q. open r. reject s. release t. protect u. smile v. lose w. save x. absent y. criticize Ⅲ.Fill in the missing verbs in the sentences below. Choose from the following and make sure you use the correct tense of the verb. Use each verb once only.
cut improve spell injure ride decide join cross agree understand worry postpone wonder compare warn visit suspect beat survive collect regret prevent compete pollute organize combine operate occupy investigate express demand employ support explain damage defeat choose accuse belong cancel
1. ---Do you speak English?
---Not very well. But I quite a lot.
2. ---I think there’s too much violence on TV. ---Yes, I .
3. The safest place to a busy road is at a pedestrian crossing. 4. You have to be over 18 to this club. 5. I usually jeans and a T-shirt at the weekend. 6. My brother has never learnt to a bicycle. 7. ---How do you your Surname? ---J-E-N-K-I-N-S.
8. Susan her finger with a knife. 9. He was of murder.
10. My mother was not well so I have my trip to New York. 11. A crowd of people had at the scene of the accident. 12. If you the two cars you will find that yours is better designed.
13. I haven’t where to go.
14. I don’t understand the new policies. Can you them for me? 15. The quality of life has greatly after the reformation. 16. The river has been by chemical.
17. I want to a party, and I have bought a lot of fruits and drinks. 18. When we were in London we the tower twice.
19. Her boss had her that if she come late again she will be fired. 20. I if she knows we are here.
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