One of the most brilliant headmasters of my college once put it, “Art, in its fundamental sense, is to procure something new, albeit not all artistic works achieve or fulfill that.” The world “new” here, as far as I am concerned, refers to its capabilities of unraveling of truth, encountering people with new phenomena, or promoting cognizance capabilities into a new level through arts’ communicating, cultivating, delighting, provoking, and even astounding effects, instead of mere appearing a maverick form or artificial content. Thus different from those ordinary objects, artistic works, at the very first beginning of their born, are doomed to be concerned--accolade or criticizing. Pablo Picasso:”Art is a lie that makes us realizes the truth. 艺术作品：
Pablo Picasso, in his well-known painting Guernica, relentlessly condemned the misery and pains those civilians suffered brought by the Nazi Germany during the Spanish Civil War. Drawing support from his unique symbolism technique, he vividly depicted that firstly unknown, whereas cruel, inhumane and all-consuming war and conveyed his outrage for these brutal conducts, brought into light the mind of public in that period, albeit the paint seems rather abstract and even impossible to interpret at the first glance.
Raphael portrayed his figures in The Sistine Madonna—the last Madonna paintings not far from his death-- as gentle, rotund, and cherubic faces, which delivered a sense of sublime serenity and tranquility with his talented skills and utilizing of hues. This eternal masterpiece not just served as a representative of the boldness of compositional innovation at that time but also a leading voice advocating humanity, conciliation and harmony people in The Renaissance period struggled for. 艺术家的例子：彼得贝伦斯
Peter Behrens, highly respected as the leader of the architectural reform at the turn of the 19th century and the first genuine industrial designer in history, bequeathed the rest of the world with his sober and austere style of design. His endeavor of steering industrial design towards a perfect combination between traditional simplicity with rational, utilitarian modern style is proved to be one of the most successful artistic revolutions throughout history and still is inspiring thousands of brilliant designers. 文艺复兴：
The Renaissance was a time of awakening for the world; a beginning to widespread knowledge and an end to ignorance. Creative minds everywhere were going to work and finally being appreciated for it. To many the Renaissance period was thought to be the end of the darkness and the birth of modern humanity.
独立宣言：
The Declaration of Independence begins with a sentence like:” We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, among these are: life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” 文化：
John Ruskin: A great civilization writes its biography in three manuscripts: behavioral, linguistic and artistic. 技术：
Technology, typically defined as the devising, introducing and using of tools, serves as brilliant helpers in our way of progress; their capabilities strongly contribute to these conveniences in habituation, transportation, communication and production, etc. Without them, our progress in inquiring and exploring would not go anywhere. They are the stretches and bolsters of our limited faculties. Initially, we expect it to bring conveniences to us rather than troubles. However, technology is a naughty boy, it would not always at our service and follow only ours dictation. It also has its drawbacks which we would
not afford to neglect. When push up towards new inventions and replacing our formal values with these new ones, we must always bear in mind that we need technology to serve us, but not to restrict or even push us. 关于技术：
Albert Einstein once appealed at California Institute of Technology, “Be meticulous about every number or symbol you include in your equations, make sure they must be valid and reasonable, in that their consequences to the society could be vital.”
技术进步给人类带来的方便,不能总是互联网了，计算机了
The quantum theory alone can provide explanations for all of the chemistry reactions and most of the current physical phenomena thus make these complexities into a unified, concise knowledge. Nuclear power stations can replace traditional way of electric generating thus decrease greenhouse gas emission. Bio-chemistry would help us in curing cancers when it comes to pharmaceutical researches. Genetic research would offer us a completely new perspective in understanding ourselves, both spiritually and physically, with immeasurable potentials. 研究，学习
Research and technological advancement, in their fundamental sense, is the process we human beings attempt to satisfy our insatiable appetite for knowledge, and cravings or understand ourselves and the world around. Through this exploration and inquiring, we can seek to consummate ourselves both spiritually and physically, reform the society a more efficient and affluent community and the world a better place. Only through this continuous advancements and progresses can we stop the trend to decline and fall.
教育/学习的意义和本质：
Education/ learning, in its fundamental sense, is an enlightening, cultivating, and discovering process through which accumulated knowledge, skills and values can be transmitted through generation to generation; personal interests and talents can be explored and hopefully, personality be consummated as well, thus we can become well-trained individuals: knowledgeable, independent, creative, and self-disciplined. To satisfy or achieve that, genuine education should aim at improving both one’s morals and faculties and possess a flexible and customized nature/ genuine learning activities lies in positive assimilating and synthesizing the inputs you are encountering, not in simply accepting and memorizing mere facts or principles. 小布什：
George Walker Bush, formal US president once said at Yale, and I quote: “ What stay with you from college is the things you hardly ever noticed, it’s the examples and expectation around you, the ideas you believe in, and the friends you make”. 脑白：
Alfred Whitehead, a well-known, brilliant British mathematician and philosopher, once said: Forget everything leaned in class, and the remaining is the genuine essence of education.
All scientific disciplines, always take their roots within the frame of human nature, without any exceptions. No matter how far they appear from, they would always find their way back.
一切科学对于人性总是或多或少的有些联系，任何科学无论似乎与人性离的有多远，它们总会以这样那样的途径回到人性。
All scientific disciplines, always take their roots within the framework of human nature, with no exception. No matter how far they appear from, they would always find their way back. 质疑：
Skepticism, in its fundamental sense, is a lasing mind-set, a questioning attitude, and a state of positive inquiring than simply accept or disagree or doubt something. To be skeptical, not necessarily means to deny and to reject everything promptly, but rather aims at cultivating students’ abilities to judge, to choose, and to investigate in a more insightful, distinctive and purposeful way, by continuous compiling, assimilating and synthesizing information. Through skepticism, or critical thinking, we can
eliminate biases and prejudices in both inner and outer worlds and consummate ourselves into well-trained individuals: knowledgeable, independent, creative and self-disciplined. Only those who become really good command of this spirit can be labeled as a qualified human being and possess the strength to move this world forward.
To be skeptical, is neither to reject anything promptly, nor to deny everything we are taught presumptuously; it rather is to doubt, to investigate and to inquire before taking them for granted. The questioning and criticizing based on thorough investigation is completely different from the past ignorant, in the meantime, arrogant way of rejection.
爱因斯坦：
Albert Einstein once put it:”No matter how many experiments have been conducted to verify my theory, only an extra successful but contradict one can prove it to be wrong.”
宗教：
The various gods, the various rituals, the whole movement of man in time is in the background of every human being.
政治与权力：
William Pitt, a great British politics, who led British during its seven years war and is still highly respected worldwide, remarked: “Unlimited power is apt to corrupt the minds of those who possess it.”
领袖应具备的能力
Joseph Stalin, a contradictory and even mysterious leader of Soviet Union, who was hailed and admired for his persistent, courageous, life-and-death fight against the Nazi, inspired the rest of the world during the World War II and directly influence the process of that war. In the meantime, he was also accused by others for his relentless lunching of the Great Purge, through which thousands of innocent people were killed. However, he still is recognized one of the most effective politicians in the world.
牛人成功的秘诀：
It is their perspective insights, extensive knowledge, exceptional intelligence that pave the ways for developments and progresses.
人性没有进步：
Furthermore, if you take a deeper perspective towards this statement for what it tries to convey, you will probably detect its negative implication/connotation. Any mature, responsible individual would not claim we live in an ideal and perfect world. There actually are all those killings and resentments bursting out every day; different nations still criticizing each other for territorial problems, or human rights; these seven deadly sins like greed, envy, lust and sloth still take roots in our inner world... Nonetheless, we should still possess a positive attitude towards what we have achieved and what we are trying than being pessimist.
七宗罪：Seven Deadly Sins: Gluttony * Greed * Sloth * Envy * Wrath * Pride * Lust
兴趣：
Interests, typically defined as the state of preference or a strong sense of caring, undoubtedly would contribute to one's researching activities in that those who fell interested in something would possess more passion and automatically gather his wits when devoting into relative subjects and act more positively even when it appears to be rather boring or difficult for those who do not view them the same
way as they do. Thus interests is said to be the very resource and propeller of human progress and inquiring.
纯数学：
Take Hyperbolic Geometry for instance. When it was first raised, some people thought it was just another absurd problem mathematicians devised “to prove their existence” and would not bring any direct benefits to the society. Still there are those “nerds” who were obsessed by that and devoted their entire career dealing with those extremely abstract curves, equations and numbers. However, it is not until a few decades later, when people strived to explore the universe, where its indispensability finally emerges. It also serves as an indispensable theoretical basis for explaining Albert Einstein’s Relative Theory.
费马定理证明：理想与实用，天才与普通人，个人兴趣，英雄与普通人
Princeton, 1995, after 8 years of tenacious deduction and calculation, Andrew Wiles finally solved the Fermat’s Last Theorem in his 130 pages treatise. The whole world was astonished. It was exactly 358 years after the theorem was brought out. Before him, a great many eminent mathematicians, those who were recognized for the most brilliant people on this planet, had been puzzled by it. Nonetheless, all previous proofs had been proved wrong. Some even predicted that it will not be solved until human civilization disappears.
哈代：
Hardy，brilliant British mathematician once remarked, “if you evaluate my works from a pragmatic point of view, then my whole life contribution to this word is nothing.”
对东西了解却反对的例子
For instance, Edward Teller, the so-called \"father of the atom bomb\policy of gaining military superiority over the Japanese and the Germans; yet at the same time he attempted fervently to dissuade the US military from employing his technology for destruction, while becoming the most visible advocate for various peaceful and productive applications of atomic energy.
乔治华盛顿Gorge Washington
Take wars as an example, George Washington, who once remarked that people should condemn wars wherever they find them. However, it is the very person who served as a brilliant general during the Independent War of the United States of America.
海明威：
Earnest Hemingway once wrote, \"The world is a fine place and worth fighting for.\"
莎士比亚：
Shakespeare: Beauty of the world, paragon of animals.
弗朗西斯 培根：
Francis Bacon once put it:” Histories make men wise, poems witty, the mathematics subtle, natural philosophy deep, moral grave, logic and rhetoric able to contend.”
历史使人明智，诗词使人灵秀，数学使人周密，自然哲学使人深刻，伦理使人庄重，逻辑修辞使人善辩。
真理：
Truth was not, however, necessarily unobtainable, but rather an idea which did not yet exist in a pure form.
社会价值观/社会性格
Social value, in its fundamental sense, is an adaptive, and as paradoxical as it seems, relatively lasing mind-set and a serial of collectively shared emotional attitudes or dominant preference. It describes the mutual shared character structure of the people within a society according to their way of life, religious faith, customs, culture, traditions, and behavioral patterns. Most importantly, influences or even controls these explicit forms with its intangible hands. Thus, what people dress, act and look are only a little constituent parts of social value and might be the most direct indicators of that, whereas, by no means can cover it all.
为什么学习历史：
History, in its fundamental sense, is neither a mere collection of well-archived data, nor a simple gathering of accumulated facts; it rather is a serial of contradictory contentions. In collecting, compiling, and checking with those historical data and even contending with others towards what we believe is the truth, it can hones very capabilities to question, to inquire, and to ponder in a logical, persuasive, and effective manner and in the meantime, avoid the opposite. The process itself is the very education. At society level, history evokes and preserves a sense of attribution or identity, presents us with insights into what is universal and eternal, tells us vivid stories about humanity, provide elaborate details and clues about how people dealt their problems at their times and most importantly, provides a navigation chart in directing us to position ourselves in this ever complicated era and strives to teach us how to live without certainty, whereas, persevere towards future with confidence.
为啥历史只研究英雄/为啥历史具有相对的连续性,即从过去看现在和未来/历史的局限性：
In a sense, there is no denying the fact that history can only tell very limited things in making important decisions today, in that situations may vary, slightly or even evidently. Besides, history, to some extent, is an activity which strives to draw into a widely applicable conclusion through delving into specific historical events and figures. However, the reason why we can conduct historical research in this way without any doubts about going astray lies in history itself, on no accounts is a mere collection of random and irrelevant facts/figures. There are, indeed, general patterns, cause-and-effect lines and other kinds of long last values prevail. It can present us with insight into what is universal and eternal; tell us vivid stories about humanity; provide elaborate details and clues about how people dealt their problems at their times and reminds people to be humble when procuring revolution and progress. Consequently, we can appeal to history as a reference to render decision-making today a more reasonable, reliable and even foreseeable and insightful process instead of treating it like a pure adventure.
总结用语：
The value of history, more often than not, is underestimated or misconceived. As a important liberal arts discipline, it is a mirror to the past, a reference for today and a beacon, casting light towards the far-off future. Just like a profound proverb once put it: “How far you can look backward and then how far you can look forward.”
为什么历史真相很假：
Historical truth is not, however, necessarily unobtainable, but rather an intentional or unconscious combination between objective observation and subjective interpretation due to the inherent biases from facts gathering, scholar’s experience, values, standpoints, so on and so forth (not to mention deliberate distortion), thus makes the absolute truth of any historical perspective both impossible and idealistic and if there is one truth shine through, that is history resembles not just an appearance of truth but with the nature of subjective comments and opinions.
法律和道德：
Morality: in its normative sense, is a serial of collective preferred values and ideas which not only aim at regulating and restraining certain kind of behaviors but also at advocating and encouraging some others. It is a primary form of norms featuring intangibility and flexibility as comparing with the
preciseness and rigidness of legislate ones.
Laws, in their essence, are serials of discussion, limitation, specification and coordination among different values and conflict of interests. Thus the enacting of laws involves a lot of compromises and they can only stand for collective conscience and preferences than individual free-will and the justice they assure can only be a relative one than being one-size-fits-all.
Without laws, morality would be too feeble and fragile to support and sustain a society, in that it lacks the power and authority laws possess; whereas, without in reference to current morality standards, laws would become dogmatic and even unrealistic and inhuman to practice.
法律不公正：
There is no denying the fact that there actually are unjust laws. However, the orientation where these unjust situations arise from might vary slightly, or even, considerably. In its practical sense, laws act as an embodiment of ruling class’s wills, and the compiling and execution process can be strongly influenced by a nation’s political, economical, moral and cultural condition. The injustice can be derived from ruler’s ridiculousness and despotism, say the laws about hierarchy system before French Revolution; it may also be led by the evolution of moral standards. Jim Craw Laws was abolished in that more and more people doubt the slavery; it still could be brought about by its lag to new technology developments. An apt illustration for this is genetic research, which is a new emerged, fascinating, in the meantime, disturbing scientific breakthrough in the last century since there are not enough laws in relative fields.
想象力
Imagination helps an architect to design a masterpiece even before a blueprint comes out; imagination gives an adult the strength to persevere towards his dreaming bright future even when he is suffering from unprecedented obstacles; imagination breaks the 3-dimension mundane barrage and brings Einstein to a 4-dimensioned word.
Several years ago, a group of teenagers was asked to write down what the world would be like 30 years later. They are requested to use their imagination as much and as free as they can. When finished, the teacher closed the notes into a box and buried it. Later, when the box was unraveled, what really astonished the public was most of the things those kids described have become into reality. Be them aircrafts, submarine, high speed computation machine (we call it computer today), laser weapons, etc. This story, if not the best, is a rather compelling example for those who want to emphasis the importance and magical power of human imagination.
If imagination is the spark of human intelligence, knowledge turns the spark into flame.
深刻来源于洞察
Peter Drucker, a management guru, hailed as one of the most important thinkers, dedicated most of his life in teaching and directing people to conduct administrational works both in practical and theoretical aspects. His books not only pay a lot of attentions to reality thus makes his work more instructive and meaningful, but also are full of these insightful predictions towards future thus it would not become outdated easily.
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